Basic LaTeX Commands

\commandname[optional arguments]{required arguments}

{\tiny Tiny text}
{\scriptsize Script size text}
{\footnotesize Footnote size text}
{\small Small text}
{\normalsize Normal size text}
{\large Large text}
{\Large Larger text}
{\LARGE Even larger text}
{\huge Huge text}
{\Huge Largest text}

\centering  % Center alignment
\raggedright  % Left alignment
\raggedleft   % Right alignment

% Example usage
{\centering
This text is centered.
}

\quad           % 1em space
\qquad          % 2em space
\,              % Thin space (3/18 em)
\:              % Medium space (4/18 em)
\;              % Thick space (5/18 em)
\!              % Negative thin space
\hspace{1cm}    % Custom horizontal space
\hfill          % Fill remaining horizontal space

\vspace{1cm}    % Add vertical space
\vspace*{1cm}   % Force vertical space (even at page start)
\smallskip      % Small vertical skip
\medskip        % Medium vertical skip
\bigskip        % Large vertical skip
\vfill          % Fill remaining vertical space

\\              % Line break
\\[1cm]         % Line break with extra space
\newline        % Alternative line break
\linebreak      % Line break (justified)

\newpage        % Start new page
\clearpage      % Flush floats and start new page
\pagebreak      % Page break (can be ignored)
\nopagebreak    % Prevent page break

\%              % Percent sign
\$              % Dollar sign
\&              % Ampersand
\#              % Hash/pound sign
\_              % Underscore
\{              % Left brace
\}              % Right brace
\textbackslash  % Backslash
\~{}            % Tilde
\^{}            % Caret

\'e    % é - acute accent
\`e    % è - grave accent
\^e    % ê - circumflex
\"e    % ë - umlaut/dieresis
\~n    % ñ - tilde
\c{c}  % ç - cedilla
\={o}  % ō - macron
\.{e}  % ė - dot accent
\u{o}  % ŏ - breve
\v{c}  % č - caron

\part{Part Title}
\chapter{Chapter Title}        % Only in book/report class
\section{Section Title}
\subsection{Subsection Title}
\subsubsection{Subsubsection Title}
\paragraph{Paragraph Title}
\subparagraph{Subparagraph Title}

% Unnumbered versions
\section*{Unnumbered Section}
\subsection*{Unnumbered Subsection}

\title{Document Title}
\author{Author Name \and Second Author}
\date{\today}  % or \date{January 2024}
\maketitle     % Generate title

\label{key}           % Create label
\ref{key}            % Reference number
\pageref{key}        % Page number reference
\eqref{key}          % Equation reference (with parentheses)

% Example
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
As discussed in Section~\ref{sec:intro} on page~\pageref{sec:intro}...

\footnote{Footnote text}
\footnote[3]{Custom numbered footnote}
\footnotemark           % Just the mark
\footnotetext{Text}     % Just the text

\item              % Basic item
\item[--]         % Custom bullet
\item[(a)]        % Custom label

\mbox{Text that won't break}
\fbox{Framed text}
\framebox[5cm][c]{Centered in 5cm box}
\makebox[5cm][r]{Right-aligned in 5cm}
\parbox{5cm}{Paragraph in 5cm box}

\marginpar{Note in margin}
\marginpar[Left text]{Right text}

\stepcounter{page}      % Increment counter
\setcounter{page}{5}    % Set counter value
\arabic{page}           % Arabic numerals
\roman{page}            % Roman numerals (i, ii, iii)
\Roman{page}            % Roman numerals (I, II, III)
\alph{section}          % Letters (a, b, c)
\Alph{section}          % Letters (A, B, C)

\today              % Current date
\LaTeX              % LaTeX logo
\TeX                % TeX logo

\emph{``This is an emphasized quote''}

{\centering\Large\textbf{Document Title}\\[1cm]}

Text\hspace{1cm}with\hspace{1cm}gaps